Answer
To solve for the concentrations of hydroxide and hydrogen ions based on the provided pH levels and definitions of pH and pOH, we find the following: a solution with a pH of 13 contains 0.1 moles of OH⁻ ions per liter, while it has 1×10⁻¹³ moles of H⁺ ions per liter. Additionally, for a different solution with an H⁺ concentration of 1.0×10⁻⁴, we find its pH to be 4. The pH reflects the acidity or basicity of a solution by quantifying the hydrogen ion concentration using the formula: pH = -log[H⁺], while for OH⁻ ions, it is pOH = -log[OH⁻]. The relationship between pH and pOH is expressed as pOH + pH = 14. Thus, we derive that: a solution with a pH = 13 corresponds to 0.1 moles of OH⁻ per liter, 1×10⁻¹³ moles of H⁺ per liter, and a different solution exhibiting an H⁺ concentration of 1.0×10⁻⁴ yields a pH of 4.
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