Short Answer 
Queen Elizabeth criticizes the assumption that being born into royalty guarantees effective leadership, highlighting the unpredictability of a child’s potential to rule. She argues for the importance of merit and essential qualities, such as wisdom and respect, over mere lineage in determining a ruler’s competence.
Step 1: Understanding the Argument
Queen Elizabeth is addressing the notion that having a child automatically qualifies them to be a ruler. She argues that the mere fact of being born into a royal family does not ensure that the child will possess the necessary qualities to rule effectively. This critique challenges the assumption that lineage alone determines a ruler’s capability.
Step 2: Potential Outcomes of Rulership
Elizabeth emphasizes the uncertainty surrounding a child’s ability to become a competent leader. This possibility is not just a matter of birth but includes a range of unpredictable traits that can develop over time. She presents several potential scenarios that could affect a child’s suitability, such as:
- They might become ungracious.
- They could lack the necessary wisdom.
- They might not command respect or loyalty.
Step 3: The Importance of Competence Over Lineage
In her discourse, Elizabeth advocates for the idea that effective rulership should be based on merit rather than birthright. She urges Parliament to consider the qualities that make a good ruler, such as leadership skills, morality, and the ability to connect with the people. This perspective invites a broader discussion on how power should be acquired and maintained in governance.