Short Answer 
Foreign Intelligence Entities (FIES) pose significant threats to U.S. national security by impeding intelligence collection through tactics such as cyber attacks, espionage, and disinformation. They primarily focus on acquiring sensitive information, although not all engage in terrorism, which is critical for shaping effective countermeasures against their activities.
Step 1: Identifying Threats to Intelligence Collection
Foreign Intelligence Entities (FIES) actively attempt to block or impair U.S. intelligence gathering operations. This is crucial for maintaining their operational advantage over the United States. They employ various tactics to hinder intelligence efforts, including:
- Cyber attacks on intelligence agencies
- Infiltration and espionage to gain sensitive operational insights
- Disinformation campaigns to mislead and distract U.S. efforts
Step 2: Engaging in Espionage Activities
FIES are heavily involved in espionage and covert operations aimed at acquiring sensitive information. This illegal acquisition can threaten U.S. interests and national security. Their methods include:
- Covert surveillance to collect classified data
- Recruiting informants within government and private sectors
- Using technology to intercept communications and gather intelligence
Step 3: Differentiating Terrorism from Espionage
While some Foreign Intelligence Entities may engage in terrorist activities, not all of them fit this profile. The primary focus of FIES is to undermine U.S. security rather than enhance it. It’s important to recognize that:
- Not all FIES are involved in terrorism; their main goal is espionage.
- Enhancing U.S. systems is contrary to the objectives of FIES.
- Understanding these distinctions is essential for effective countermeasures.