Short Answer 
To identify strong arguments, focus on those backed by reliable evidence, such as factual data rather than personal opinions. Evaluate the credibility of this evidence to differentiate stronger claims, like the effectiveness of raising minimum wage, from weaker, unsupported assertions. Finally, draw conclusions based on the logical validity of these supported claims.
Step 1: Identify Strong Arguments
To understand which arguments are strong, focus on those that are supported by relevant and reliable evidence. Look specifically for claims that present factual information or data rather than personal opinions. For example, consider the assertions made about the mayor’s effectiveness and the impact of raising minimum wage, as these are backed by concrete information.
Step 2: Evaluate Evidence for Reliability
Assess the credibility of the evidence presented in each argument. Reliable evidence should come from experts or verifiable statistics, not personal anecdotes. Highlight the difference between strong and weak evidence, such as the unsupported claims about eggs or the causal fallacy in the chicken policy proposal, showcasing the importance of backing up claims with trustworthy sources.
Step 3: Draw Conclusions from Supported Claims
After examining the arguments and their supporting evidence, conclude which claims stand firm based on their inferential validity. Arguments that clearly show measurable results or logical reasoning, like the increase in local business profits after raising minimum wage, should be considered valid and effective in their reasoning.