Short Answer 
The Articles of Confederation, established in 1777 as the first constitution, created a weak central government that struggled to enforce laws and collect taxes. This weakness, combined with rivalries among states, impeded cooperation and ultimately led to the drafting of a new Constitution in 1789.
Step 1: Understanding the Articles of Confederation
The Articles of Confederation were established on November 15, 1777, by the Second Continental Congress. This document served as the first constitution for the newly united states, creating a temporary governance structure known as a Confederation. It allowed the thirteen states to come together while maintaining their individual sovereignty, laying the groundwork for future governance.
Step 2: Limitations of the Central Government
One of the most significant drawbacks of the Articles was the creation of a weak central government. It could not enforce laws or raise taxes, relying entirely on voluntary contributions from the states for funding. This lack of authority led to financial instability, making it difficult to sustain the government and address the nation’s needs effectively.
Step 3: Impact of State Rivalries and Weakness
The inability of the Articles to mediate between the divergent interests and rivalries of the states further exacerbated the problem. The competition among states hindered cooperative efforts in post-war recovery, and states with larger populations felt underrepresented due to the equal voting system established. This ultimately called for a reevaluation and led to the drafting of the current Constitution in 1789.