Short Answer 
Sensitive Compartmented Information (SCI) is highly classified data requiring strict security and access controls, primarily due to its potential impact on national security. Access to SCI necessitates a valid security clearance and a demonstrated need-to-know, as determined by authorized agencies. It’s crucial to distinguish SCI from Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI), as SCI demands more stringent protective measures.
Step 1: Understand Sensitive Compartmented Information (SCI)
Sensitive Compartmented Information (SCI) is a type of classified information that requires enhanced protective measures due to its sensitive nature. Unlike standard classifications such as Secret or Top Secret, SCI introduces additional security protocols, as its unauthorized disclosure could significantly impact national security. This heightened sensitivity necessitates stricter handling and access controls.
Step 2: Access Requirements for SCI
To gain access to SCI, individuals must meet specific criteria. This includes having a valid security clearance and demonstrating a clear need-to-know related to the information. The determination of who can access SCI is made at the organizational level, meaning that only authorized government agencies or departments can designate specific information as SCI and decide who can access it.
Step 3: Distinction from Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI)
It’s important to differentiate SCI from Controlled Unclassified Information (CUI). While CUI pertains to unclassified information that requires certain safeguards, SCI involves classified information with stricter security measures in place. This distinction is crucial in understanding how various types of sensitive information are handled within governmental and security contexts.