Short Answer 
The Chavín culture established early religious practices in the Andes, influencing later societies. The Mochica civilization is known for its craftsmanship and significant architectural contributions, while the Nazca culture is recognized for its artistic innovations and advancements in agriculture, particularly irrigation techniques.
Step 1: Explore Chav√≠n’s Religious Foundations
The Chavín culture, flourishing between 900-200 BCE in the Mosna Valley, played a crucial role in establishing religious practices in the Andes. Known for their distinctive pottery and monumental architecture, particularly the Chavín de Huantar temple complex, they became a pilgrimage site that influenced later Andean societies. The cultural rituals and beliefs developed during this time continued to impact subsequent civilizations.
Step 2: Understand Mochica’s Craftsmanship and Architecture
The Mochica civilization emerged around 200 BCE and is celebrated for its superior craftsmanship in pottery and metalwork. They built significant architectural structures such as the Huaca del Sol and Huaca de la Luna, which served both ceremonial and political purposes. Additionally, their innovative irrigation systems enhanced agricultural productivity, laying a strong foundation for future Andean economies.
Step 3: Recognize Nazca’s Artistic and Agricultural Innovations
Thriving from 200 BCE to 600 CE, the Nazca culture is best known for the famous Nazca lines and their unique pottery style. Their advancements in irrigation techniques allowed them to cultivate crops in an otherwise arid environment, ensuring food security for their population. The artistic expressions and practical innovations of the Nazca people contributed significantly to the cultural richness of the Andean region.