Short Answer 
The process of securely transmitting sensitive information involves three key steps: encrypting the data to protect it from unauthorized access, applying the need-to-know principle to limit access to necessary personnel, and ensuring comprehensive encryption during transmission while complying with relevant laws and policies.
Step 1: Encrypt Data for Security
The first and most critical action in transmitting secret information is to encrypt the data. Encryption alters the information into an unreadable format, safeguarding it from unauthorized access. This process requires a key for decryption, ensuring that only authorized individuals can retrieve the original data. By employing strong encryption methods, the confidentiality of the information is considerably enhanced.
Step 2: Apply the Need-to-Know Principle
Next, implement the need-to-know principle to restrict access to sensitive information. This principle states that only individuals whose job requires them to access the data should be permitted to do so. By minimizing access, the risk of unauthorized disclosure is significantly reduced. This method not only protects the information but also helps in maintaining a secure environment around sensitive data.
Step 3: Ensure Comprehensive Encryption and Compliance
Finally, make sure that both in-transit and end-to-end encryption are utilized when communicating sensitive information. In-transit encryption secures data as it travels between endpoints, while end-to-end encryption ensures messages are protected from the sender directly to the receiver. Additionally, adhere to all relevant laws and company policies regarding the handling of classified information to avoid legal repercussions related to unauthorized disclosure.