Short Answer 
The answer discusses the importance of understanding protective factors, such as strong social support, mental health services, and stable family relationships, in combating child abuse. It also highlights the significance of identifying risk factors, specifically substance abuse, and implementing prevention strategies like enhancing family bonds, reducing substance abuse, and utilizing community resources to create safer environments for children.
Step 1: Understand Protective Factors
Protective factors are conditions or attributes in individuals, families, or communities that help mitigate the risks associated with child abuse and maltreatment. These can include:
- Strong social support – Having a reliable network of family and friends.
- Mental health services – Access to psychological help that promotes emotional stability.
- Stable family relationships – Nurturing and secure family dynamics that foster safety.
Step 2: Identify Risk Factors
Recognizing risk factors is crucial in understanding why child abuse may occur. One significant risk factor is:
- Substance abuse within the household – This creates an unstable environment that heightens the risk of maltreatment.
Children living with substance abusers face a greater likelihood of experiencing abuse and neglect in comparison to those in households free from substance issues.
Step 3: Implement Prevention Strategies
To effectively reduce the incidence of child abuse, integrating protective factors and addressing risk factors is essential. Key strategies include:
- Establishing strong family bonds – Encouraging open communication and emotional connections.
- Reducing substance abuse – Implementing support systems for those struggling with addiction.
- Utilizing community resources – Engaging with local services that provide assistance and education on child welfare.
These strategies collectively foster safer environments for children and combat potential risks. Hence, remember that substance abuse is not a protective factor, making Option C your answer.